Course code: GYTKKA011

Lecturer: Dr. Géza Regdon, associate professor

Hrs/week:

- therory: 2

- practice: --

Forms of exam: Exam

Credits: 2

Course requirement: --

Topics:

* Medicinal treatments and medicines in ancient societies: in prehistoric times, in Mesopotamia, Egypt, India,
China, Hellas and in the Roman Empire.
* The rise of Chistianity. Nestorius and Nestorians. Monasticism.
* Medieval medicine. Medicine under Islam. The establishment of the first pharmacy.

* Crusades. The rise of universities (Salerno, Montpellier and other European universities).
* The first medical decree. Foundation of the first medical faculty.
* Renaissance. Art and science in the Renaissance. The time of alchemy.
* The emergence of medicinal chemistry (iatrichemistry), Paracelsus.
* The formation of the European pharmacy, foundation of pharmacies.
* The "Age of Scientific Revolution", medicine and pharmacy in the 17th century.
* Innovations in the 17th century. The story of Cinchona bark.
* Medicine and pharmacy in the 18th century. Innovation in the 18th century.
* Medicine and pharmacy in the 19th and 20th centuries. Formation of pharmaceutical industry.
* The history of medical and pharmaceutical education. History of the Hungarian pharmaceutical education and
postgraduate training of pharmacists.
* Dispensatoriums, Antidotariums.
* Pharmacopoeias, national and international pharmacopoeias, Ph.Hg.VII.
* National and international standards of drugs.
* Definition and classification of drug. Expiry date. Drugs and doses. Dosage forms.
* The principles of efficacy, safety of drug use. The therapeutic index and the margin of safety.
* Drug utilization: monitoring of drug consumption. Regulation and control of drug consumption. Tolerance,
physical dependence and drug abuse.
* Naming of medical substances: Latinized and licensed (trade) names. The forms dispensation. Formula
Magistralis, Normalis, Originalis, Nosocomialis. The three levels of drug production.
* Public, clinical and hospital pharmacies. The conditions of a working pharmacy. Administration work in
pharmacies.
* The development of drug control. Drug control and quality assurance (GMP, GLP, GXP). Drug trade and the
drug supply in Hungary. Pharmaceutical societies and chambers.
* International organization of health care. World Health Organization (WHO). International Red Cross (Red
Crescent, Red Half-Moon). Commission of Narcotic Drugs. International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP).
International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufactures Association (IPFMA). European Federation of
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (EPFMA).